Two days ago, Senator Ted Cruz was asked by Kaitlyn Collins if he'll accept the results of the 2024 presidential election. What follows is a brief clip of that interview and an oft overlooked body language tell.
Specifically, Kaitlan Collins asks, "In 2024, will you certify the election results? Do you plan to object or will you accept the results regardless of who wins the election?"
Ted Cruz answers, "So Kaitlin, I gotta say, I, I think that's actually a, a ridiculous question" – Collins pushes back with, "It's a yes or no question"...
Cruz responds, "I, n, no, it's not. N, le, le, let me explain why it's a ridiculous question. It's not a question – 'ave you ever asked Democrat that?" Collin answers, "Of course."
Note Ted Cruz's double-handed gesture – with his fingers and thumbs intertwined except for the two index fingers (forefingers) flexor surfaces touching, and extended in a forward point:
This is called a "Pistol Steeple" for two reasons – not only because it physically resembles a handgun (a visual metaphor), but also because it signifies an effort to 'shoot down' the idea/logic/explanation of the other person:
Whenever a pistol steeple is used, you know the person already has their mind made up – and that they're going to vehemently oppose you/your reasoning/your answer. Their mind is not only closed, but they're on the offensive.
It's important to note that sometimes you'll see a pistol steeple being displayed, but the person isn't voicing any (or perhaps just a little) disagreement. ...
... In such cases, the pistol steeple is a sign of clandestine disagreement. You can indeed be sure that they're thinking-feeling considerable criticisms – they're just holding them back. Watch your flank!
Did you notice the contempt that Cruz displays toward Collins (on *his* left). It looks like what many people would call a 'snarl'. It's a bit difficult to see because of the angle of the camera and his facial hair, but Cruz is expressing considerable contempt here:
Notice also Cruz's multiple stutterings (Cruz is a non-stutterer), omission and truncation of words. He also immediately starts in on his explanation, but then stops, self-interrupting – asking Collins about her asking a Democrat that same question (whataboutism).
Moreover, like many manipulative people – particularly people in power – Cruz criticizes the question – turning it into an admonishment of the questioner. This is always a red flag.
Cruz and people with similar personalities will criticize you and bully you – trying to make you feel stupid – in public or in private – in an effort to get you to back down and prevent similar queries from others in the future.
SUMMARY: The Pistol Steeple shows his desire to 'shoot down' another person's opinions, inquiries, ideas, or plans and go on the offensive. Cruz not only displays these thought-feelings toward Collins, but he also displays contempt toward her. Inquiries regarding teaching (one-on-one or groups), keynotes, consulting, and press: Jack@BodyLanguageSuccess.com
Do you recall this moment from the 2016 Al Smith Dinner? It exemplifies some profoundly classic Body Language.
One characteristic of both a sincere smile and sincere laughter (that’s rarely cited) is retraction of the mandible (a backward vectoring of the jaw) — as is clearly displayed in this profile-view of Hillary Clinton.
Whenever a smile is sincere, the jaw retracts, at least a bit, backward. This movement is often not to the more pronounced degree we see in this example, but it always occurs.
Indeed, so long as you’re first “smiling with your eyes” (eyelids partially [or even fully] closed along with concave-up furrows in each of your lower eyelids), the act of simply by retracting one’s jaw — will often precipitate a sincere smile or even sincere laughter.
Another useful body language tool in this moment to project sincere smile/laughter is recalling a personal hilarious moment and/or someone you love laughing deeply.
Note the expression on Donald Trump’s face in this moment — it’s one of classic Contempt.
In addition, Trump’s left hand is positioned in front of and just above his groin — in a modified (partial) Fig Leaf configuration (aka, Genital Guarding). He’s subconsciously feigning an adjustment of his vest in an attempt at camouflaging his thought-emotions.
He feels threatened and intimidated by Hillary Clinton. Moreover, at the time of this image (20 October 2016), Trump believed Hillary Clinton would win the Presidential Election.
SUMMARY: An important and oft overlooked component of a sincere smile and sincere laughter is a retraction of the jaw. You can even elicit a sincere smile and/or sincere laughter by pulling your jaw backward (when in conjunction with an eye-smiling), (please see above).
Crucially, when jaw retraction is absent, what you might think is a sincere smile or laughter — is being feigned.
In the image included above, Donald Trump’s contempt for Hillary Clinton is clearly demonstrated amidst a moment of Hillary Clinton’s sincere joy-happiness-laughter.
All individuals, businesses, or organizations who want to (need to) dramatically improve their #BodyLanguage skills (via group or individual instruction) — and all professionals who want to nuance their understanding of #EmotionalIntelligence, please DM or email me at Jack@BodyLanguageSuccess.com
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This post and others accompanying it, serve as a reference source for the art and science of Body Language/Nonverbal Communication. The views and opinions expressed on this website are those of the author. In an effort to be both practical and academic, many examples from/of varied cultures, politicians, professional athletes, legal cases, public figures, etc., are cited in order to teach and illustrate both the interpretation of others’ body language as well as the projection of one’s own nonverbal skills in many different contexts.
In this image, Trump is holding his hand to his ear. It's a common gesture which, on its surface says, "Please speak louder / I can't quite hear what you're saying". Presidents have performed this act for years — Ronald Reagan used it on nearly a daily basis. Of course, it's possible that he may not have heard the question clearly. But, more often than not, it's primarily used as a stalling technique so Trump will have a few seconds longer in order to formulate his answer.
If we look closer, we can see Trump is holding his right hand to his left ear. To accomplish this dynamic, he must reach his arm and hand across his torso. It's possible that Trump is holding something in his left hand, although, he rarely carries anything. What's dramatically more likely, is that Trump feels threatened by the nature of the question and this nonverbal configuration affords him more emotional cover/comfort. Reaching across one's body is a protective posture — a truncated form of self-hugging.
While Trump's facial expression in this moment, is for him relatively unanimated — it's far from neutral. There's tension in his mid-face, his eyebrows are vectored downward and his eyelids are partially closed. There's significant muscular contraction of his lower eyelids. This facial expression indicates critical evaluation and suppressed anger. The President is also displaying subtle contempt on his right mid-face (a subtle snarl-like expression). He doesn't like the question that's being posed.
The etiology of the president's rhinorrhea (runny nose) is not publicly known — however, it's chronic and unrelated to the other components of this nonverbal display.
SUMMARY: In this moment, President Trump is, with high probability, hearing the question being asked, but he's stalling for time. He needs the extra seconds to formulate an answer — which strongly suggests deception. Moreover, Donald Trump feels threatened by the subject of the question
and feels the need to protect himself and/or cover/hide his answer. The President also has anger and contempt for the question and/or the person asking it.
This is the second nonverbal analysis of Attorney General William Barr's 1 May 2018 testimony. Barr was testifying under oath before the Senate Committee on the Judiciary regarding the Justice Department’s Investigation of Russian Interference with the 2016 US Presidential Election.
Since this appearance, the Barr has refused to appear before the House Judiciary Committee - which was scheduled for 2 May 2019.
In addition, following President Trump’s declaration of executive privilege, the Justice Department declared it will not be complying with the House's subpoena for the full Mueller Report.
What follows is a nonverbal analysis of a second crucial portion of William Barr's Senate testimony and his exchange with Senator Kamala Harris (please see the first of the cross-reference links below for the initial analysis of this series).
KAMALA HARRIS (continuing at 1:39): My question - is in reaching your conclusion - did you personally review all of the underlying evidence?
WILLIAM BARR: Ah, no. We took - a, and accepted -
KAMALA HARRIS (over-talking): Did, did, did -
WILLIAM BARR (over-talking): We accepted -
KAMALA HARRIS (over-talking): - did Mr. Rosenstein?
WILLIAM BARR (over-talking): - statements. No [quietly]. We accepted the statements in The Report as the factual record. We did not go underneath it - to see whether or not they were accurate. We accepted it as accurate. And made our - made our decision -
KAMALA HARRIS (over-talking): So you accepted, you accepted The Report as the evidence?
WILLIAM BARR: Yes.
KAMALA HARRIS: You did not question or look at the underlying evidence that supports the conclusions in the report?
WILLIAM BARR: No.
KAMALA HARRIS: Did, ah, Mr. Rosenstein review the evidence that underlines and supports the conclusions in the report? To your knowledge?
WILLIAM BARR: Not to my knowledge. We accepted the statements in The Report -
KAMALA HARRIS (over-talking): Did anyone in your -
WILLIAM BARR (over-talking): - and the characterization of the evidence as true.
KAMALA HARRIS: Did anyone in your executive office review the evidence supporting The Report?
WILLIAM BARR: No.
KAMALA HARRIS: No. Yet you represented to the American public that the evidence was not, 'sufficient to support an obstruction of justice offense'.
As Barr says, "see" ("We did not go underneath it - to see") during 2:01, he displays a Lip Curl.
A Lip Curl is a signal of:
• Braggadocio
• Bravado
• Hubris
• Bluster
A lip curl often has an accompanying verbal component of a slight lisp (in people who don't otherwise exhibit a lisp) - which can be heard as William Barr says, "see".
A prolonged eyelid closure (prolonged false blinking) is exhibited during 2:13, just as Kamala Harris says, "that supports the" ("You did not question or look at the underlying evidence that supports the conclusions in the report?"). This lasts for a full second. A normal blink has a duration of 0.100 to 0.150 seconds (with some exceptions, as long as 0.400 seconds).
Such long duration blinking is a form of diminished eye contact. In so doing, Barr is momentarily psychologically blocking Harris - and her confrontation.
During 2:15, just after he says, "No", Barr display an expression of Contempt. It's a bit difficult to see from this camera angle - as it's asymmetrically focused on the right (far) side of his face (a contraction and elevation of the right mouth corner and right half of his 'mustache area'). The rotation of his head partially obstructs our view. However, if you view the video at 1/2 and then 1/4 speed, you'll see it more easily. Next, watch it again at regular speed - and it will jump out at you.
A second later, during 2:16, if you look carefully, you'll see Barr clenching his jaw (circled above in red). In this cluster-context, such jaw clenching signals his anxiety. Watch this at 1/4 and 1/2 speeds as well as normal speed.
A Forward Lip Purse is displayed by Barr (2:25) just after Harris asks, "Did, ah, Mr. Rosenstein review the evidence that underlines and supports the conclusions in the report?"
A Forward Lip Purse signals a clandestine plan and/or an undisclosed disagreement. It's only displayed by people who believe they are the alpha person in the exchange. It's also a sign that they believe they have a significant probability of success.
Senator Harris then further focuses her line of questioning. Just after she says, "Did anyone in your executive...", Attorney General Barr displays an Inward Lip Roll (2:33).
An Inward Lip Roll (ILR) is an attempt by our subconscious/edge-of-conscious mind to suppress both the inward crescendo of emotions - as well as their corresponding outward (facial) expressions.
In the next second, we see a Barr display a Lateral Lip Purse (2:34). When a Lateral Lip Purse (LLP) immediately follows an Inward Lip Roll - it's a perfect example of a nonverbal sentence (aka a "Cluster"). In this context, a Lateral Lip Purse tells us that he's deciding on a course of action, and what, exactly, he's going to say regarding the thought-emotion of which he was trying to suppress in the prior second. These nonverbal juxtapositions have an extremely high correlation with deception and clandestine behavior.
Senator Harris then asks, "Did anyone in your executive office review the evidence supporting The Report?" and Barr answers, "No" (2:40 - 2:41) as he barely shakes his head, side-to-side. Yet, immediately following (during 2:41 - 2:42), as Senator Harris says, "No.", he immediately morphs - moving his head up-and-down rapidly, in affirmation. This verbal-nonverbal contradictory behavior is profoundly telling - and indicative of deception.
Please watch this particular behavior at regular speed as well as in slow motion, several times.
A second later, during 2:43, Barr displays a short burst of very rapid blinking. He repeats this during 2:46. This nonverbal behavior is highly correlated with anxiety.
SUMMARY: Attorney General William Barr's nonverbal, verbal, and paralanguage behavior analyzed in this exchange indicates he lied, under oath, to Senator Kamala Harris when he denied that anyone in his executive office had reviewed - at least a portion of - the evidence contained in the Mueller Report.
On Friday 5 April 2019, while at two different campaign events in Iowa, Beto O’Rourke told the crowds that Donald Trump’s rhetoric echoes Nazi Germany, saying, "Putting kids in cages?", and "Calling human beings an infestation is something that we might’ve expected to hear in Nazi Germany", along with, "the rhetoric of a president who not only describes immigrants as rapists and criminals, but as animals and an infestation," as well as, "Saying that neo-Nazis and Klansmen and white supremacists 'are very fine people'? You draw your own conclusions, but this is not something that I expected to hear a president of the United States of America ever say."
One of Trump's statements to which O'Rourke was referring was from an event on 16 May 2018 (please see the above video). During a White House roundtable discussion on immigration policy, President Trump said, "We have people who are coming into the country - or trying to come in - we're stopping a lot of 'em. But we're taking people out of the country - you wouldn't believe how bad these people are. These aren't people - these are animals..."
What follows is a partial nonverbal analysis of the President's statement from that day.
A split second after he says, "people" ("These aren't people"), President Trump displays a classic expression of Disgust.
Just as he finishes saying the end of the word "animals", Donald Trump displays what is known as a Lip Curl.
A lip curl is a signal of:
• Braggadocio
• Bravado
• Hubris
• Bluster
SUMMARY: President Trump's nonverbal behavior exhibited during this video, shows us a strong emotional display of disgust.
Disgust was the most common facial expression seen on the faces of Nazi soldiers who staffed Auschwitz-Birkenau, Bergen-Belsen, Buchenwald, and the many other concentration camps during World War II. Contempt was also very common.
In order to perpetrate, encourage, or tolerate mass violence, hate crimes, and racism - the human mind must dramatically rationalize - by regarding the victims as "others" - believing them to be of a lower existence, subhuman.
Moreover, Trump's nonverbal, verbal and paralanguage displays - all indicate strong egocentric motives and pleasure with regard to the ramifications of his immigration policy.
On Monday 14 January 2019, President Trump addressed a press gaggle on the South Lawn of the White House prior to his travel to New Orleans. What follows is a partial nonverbal, verbal, and paralanguage analysis of a crucial portion of this event.
KRISTEN WELKER (beginning at 3:15): Mr. President, yes or no, have you or are you now, have you ever worked for Russia? Yes or no?
DONALD TRUMP: I never worked for Russia. And you know that answer better than anybody. I never worked for Russia. Not only did I never work for Russia, I think it's a disgrace that you even asked that question - because it's a whole big fat hoax. It's just a hoax.
During 3:20, just as he says, "I" ("I never worked for Russia"), he closes both of his eyes. When people are denying an accusation - and they close their eyes while saying the pivotal word "I", it's highly correlative with deception. It's an attempt by the subconscious to distance itself from the lie.
Of profound importance is Trump's vocal emphasis as he says the word, "work" (during 3:26, "Not only did I never WORK for Russia"). Listen to him speak. An innocent person would have put the emphasis on the word, "Not" as well as "never". And also, importantly, an innocent person would have first answered, "No" - after all, the question was, "Mr. President, yes or no, have you or are you now, have you ever worked for Russia? Yes or no?"
Trump's emphasis on the word "work" is an example of his rationalization - e.g., Trump is trying to rationalize that he was/is not working for Russia - but doing something else - perhaps partnering with or conducting business.
Trump also may very well believe that he was not at all working with Russia - but with one man only - Vladimir Putin. Thus, he can deny the accusation.
Moreover, another crucial statement analysis tell is the word "for" ("I never worked for Russia" [twice], and "Not only did I never work for Russia"). In his rationalizing mind, Trump is saying, "I worked with Russia (Putin), but not for Russia (Putin) - I don't work for anyone except myself".
When, in the act of refuting a lie, if the
accused gestures with a Finger-Point-Hand-Chop - it's a nonverbal signal
which is highly correlative with guilt. This body language is exactly what President Trump displayed when responding to Kristen Welker's question.
There's even further nuance embedded in Trump's gesturing. Note how his elbow, shoulder, and wrist all remain bent. During his finger-point-hand-chop at Ms. Welker, none of the joints achieve anywhere near full extension. If Trump had believed his own words, he would have straightened his arm much further in this moment. Instead, the President, lacking confidence in his retort, keeps his arm close to his torso. The President often exhibits such camouflaged acquiescing behavior.
(Did you notice his eyes were again closed at this key moment?)
Another telling nonverbal display (seen during 3:34) is what is known as a Lip Curl as Trump says, "hoax" ("It's just a hoax"). Note how his lips are flaring and curled outward in this instant (captured in the image above).
He then Thrusts his Jaw outward, tilts his head-neck back, while rotating his head away from Ms. Welker, to his left and then back again to his right while staring into the middle-distance (3:35).
Like any person who is guilty, but attempting to look strong and
in-control, Trump is oscillating back-and-forth between alpha and beta
emotions.
Jaw-Thrusting-Head-Tilting is a sign of an adrenaline surge and indicates the thought-emotion of defiance. Intriguingly, this dynamic is extremely common in mug shots (e.g., "I'm going to beat the rap").
Trump then looks back to Ms. Welker as he displays a Loose Tongue Jut (3:37). This microexpression/near-microexpression tongue movement signals Trump's thought-emotions of:
• I've been caught
• I've been bad
• I've done a stupid thing
A split-second later (also during 3:37), Trump's chin again extends outward, but this time his head does not tilt back. This is also associated with an adrenaline surge, however, this indicates Anger (Did you notice the increased tension in his lower eyelids?).
Mr. Trump then displays strong Contempt toward Ms. Welker as his right mid-face contracts dramatically - while his jaw is still jutting forward (still during 3:37).
Another key feature of this entire exchange, is that President Trump
never turns fully toward (he never Body Points) to Kristen Welker. While
his head and eyes are turned toward the journalist - his shoulders and torso do not (and by inference - neither do his hips or feet). This is another sign of his beta behavior - and that the President does NOT have the
confidence to fully confront this question/his accuser.
Moreover, two days earlier, during a phone interview on Fox News - when Jeanine Pirro asked Donald Trump, "Are you now or have you ever worked for Russia, Mr. President?", the President never answered the question. His failure to directly deny such accusations - even on a network that is extremely Trump-friendly, is particularly telling.
SUMMARY: Donald Trump's nonverbal, verbal, and paralanguage behavior displayed during this key moment earlier this week, all indicate that the President is lying - and that he did indeed "work for Russia" (Putin).
President Trump routinely retreats into beta mode while wearing an alpha facade. He's an ostrich pretending to be a T-Rex.
Mohammed bin Salman, together with other heads-of-state, will be meeting later this week in Buenos Aires at the G20 Summit. The Saudi leader made his first public comment regarding the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi on 24 October 2018. What follows is a partial nonverbal analysis of the Crown Prince's behavior during this event.
Mohammed bin Salman's translated statement (as provided with this video) follows:
"First of all, the crime was really painful to all Saudis and I believe, it is painful to every human in the world. It is a heinous crime that cannot be justified. Today Saudi Arabia is carrying out all legal things to finalize the investigation, to cooperate with the Turkish government and to present the perpetrators to the court and take their judgement. This is the expected thing that all governments would do once they see a crime. Undoubtedly the cooperation today between the Saudi and Turkish government is unique and we know that many are trying to use this painful thing to drive a wedge between Saudi Arabia and Turkey. I would like to send a message: They will not be able to do that as long as there is a king called King Salman Abdul Aziz - [another long pause with audience applause] and a crown prince called Mohammed bin Salman, in Saudi Arabia - [long pause with audience applause] - and a President in Turkey called Erdoğan. This wedge will not - [pause with audience applause]. This wedge will not happen and we will prove to the world that the two governments are cooperating to see that all perpetrators are taken to court - and that justice will be seen in the end. This is what I can say regarding this issue[audience applause]."
During 0:06, Mohammed bin Salam sniffs quite dramatically - a dynamic he displays many times during this relatively short statement. This is camouflaged contempt.
Rather than an overt contempt display - the psyche disguises it with a sniff.
Now, look back one second (during 0:05). The Saudi prince displays a Central Forehead Contraction (CFC) - more specifically this is an Elevated CFC (note his inner [medial] eyebrows elevating). It's profoundly important to observe what the mouth is doing simultaneously or nearly simultaneously - and as we just observed, a second later, it's projecting contempt.
If he truly felt sorrow and empathy for Jamal Khashoggi - and/or if he sincerely felt that "... the crime was really painful to all Saudis and I believe, it is painful to every human in the world...", then Mohammed bin Salman would instead have had a mouth of sadness - with its corners down-turned - together with his elevated central forehead contraction - and he absolutely would NEVER display contempt (disguised or otherwise).
A few seconds later, during 0:12, the Saudi Prince displays Disgust combined with Feigned Consideration.
Less than a second later (0:12), he again displays contempt - this time it's seen on the opposite side of his face - and it's not buried in the ruse of a sniff.
Less than a second later (0:13), the Prince displays an elevated central forehead contraction.
So, once again the juxtaposition of an elevated CFC with contempt signals a profound red flag.
During 0:24, as he says, "... with the Turkish government and to present the perpetrators to the court...", Mohammed bin Salam positions his arm/elbow up on the back of the chair. Note once again we see an elevated central forehead in the absence of mouth sadness.
In this context, such a cluster of behavior displays an intriguing dissonance. For while there is an attempt to project a confident, hyper-alpha emotional tone, the holding of his own hand betrays his need for cover and protection.
During 0:34 - we see a more dramatic contempt camouflaged in a sniff.
With another elevated CFC display seen just an instant prior to the contempt ...
... and another, longer duration, elevated CFC immediately after the contempt (during 0:35 - 0:41)
And more clandestine contempt-sniffing during 0:47
Again, contempt simultaneous with the beginnings of a Loose Tongue Jut (0:54)
Here, his Loose Tongue Jut is fully expressed (0:55).
A loose tongue jut signifies the thought-emotions of:
• I've been bad
• I've been caught
• I've done a stupid thing
Another elevated CFC (0:56)
This contempt display - during 1:05 as he mentions his father, King Salman Abdul Aziz, is accompanied by the narrowing/partial closing of his eyelids. This eyelid dynamic, although not required, here serves as a contempt amplifier.
As the audience gives an extended applause for the King, Mohammed bin Salman again displays more contempt.
During 1:10, Mohammed bin Salam reconfigures his hands and arms into a modified fig leaf as he prepares to say his own name. This is significantly beta body language demonstrating the Saudi leader's feeling of vulnerability and is maintained as he mentions Erdoğan.
During 1:25, the Prince displays another Loose Tongue Jut just after he speaks his own name.
During 1:39 he resumes his emotionally dissonant posture while attempting to appear relaxed and alpha (hyper-alpha).
More contempt during 1:50
Yet again juxtaposed with another elevated central forehead contraction (1:51)
As human beings, we're all are allowed to occasionally feel contempt - but hopefully, not too often. When contempt is exhibited so frequently - particularly in public, it's highly correlated with Impulse Control Disorder.
Mohammed bin Salman's contempt is also coupled with many displays of Elevated Central Forehead Contractions. If this pattern is seen over time, the correlation with Antisocial Personality Disorder (Sociopathy) is extremely likely.
SUMMARY:
Mohammed bin Salman, the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, does not feel any empathy or sadness in the murder of the Jamal Khashoggi. Moreover, he feels dramatic contempt toward the dissident journalist as well as those who would question him in the killing of Khashoggi.
Intriguingly, Mohammed bin Salman also has contempt for his father, King Salman Abdul Aziz.
In addition, Mohammed bin Salman's nonverbal behavior, standing on its own, indicates with very high probability, that he orchestrated the murder of Jamal Khashoggi. When one couples the Prince's body language behavior together with the CIA's recent conclusion - the Crown Prince's guilt is solidified.